Atmospheric optical communication has been receiving considerable attention recently for use in high data rate wireless links (Juarez et al., 2006; Zhu & Kahn, 2002). Considering their narrow beamwidths and lack of licensing requirements as compared to microwave systems, atm[r]
Thus lel will decrease such that lel 5 y,‘(l$). Again since the control and update law parameters may be chosen such that b, and b, may be made arbitrarily small, the ultimate bound on le( may be made arbitrarily small. We will now see how [r]
4. Simulation Results The simulation setup assumes that the urban area is covered by a regular hexagonal lattice, where each non-overlapping hexagon represents the coverage area of a single AP and the hexagon side length is equal to the AP transmission range. MCs move throughout the[r]
Chapter 13 Discrete-Time Systems 13.1 Overview Thus far we have discussed how to control continuous-time systems for both state-feedback and output-feedback problems. With today’s high performance real-time systems, the co[r]
vibration absorber, and at t > 0.1s this controller uses the estimated value of the resonant excitation frequency. Here it is clear how the frequency identification is quickly performed (before t = 0.1s and it is almost exact with respect to the actual value. One can also ob[r]
1.3.1 Indirect Adaptive Control Schemes An indirect approach to adaptive control is made up of an approximator often referred to as an “identifier” in the adaptive control literature tha[r]
Based on CCC, a self-adaptive multi-channel MAC is proposed in this chapter. To keep the flexibility of CCC, common control channel still remains in our scheme. To reduce the channel switching delay and avoid interference from non-CCC based MAC, spreading[r]
Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 07 – thermal energy storage Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 07 – thermal energy storage Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 07 – thermal energy storage Volume 3 solar thermal systems co[r]
Chapter 5. Control Valve Selection This corrosion table is intended to give only a general indication of how various metals will react when in contact with certain fluids. The recommendations cannot be absolute because concentration, temperature, pressure and other[r]
The Presence service, which resides in the IP Multimedia Sub-system, is being standardised in Release 6 3GPP standards. The presence server manages the presence information of a user (presentity) that is uploaded by different agents (network elements, terminals or extern[r]
industry, and it is only now, as robots become more sophisticated and reliable, that we are beginning to see them used to undertake routine, often repetitive tasks, which are expensive to do using a highly paid labour force. With rapid strides in technological a[r]
electronics equipments like sensors, actuators and an intelligent controller that are integrated into the mechanical system) fixed to the human body that follows along the movements of the wearer. At the present time are presented several models of exoskeletons: those that are att[r]
Figure 11: Impact of varying the call arrival rate on the normalized average system utilization. 6. CONCLUSIONS We propose adaptive bandwidth management and JCAC scheme to enhance system utilization and connection-level QoS in heterogeneous cellular networks.[r]
168 Duran et al. Overcurrent protection Vector control provides high performance to drives, but to achieve a good transient response a high electrical torque is required, and it means high currents flowing in the machine. Apart from the achievement of decoupled a[r]
Levin, A. & Narendra, K. (1996), Control of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems us- ing Neural Networks-Part II: Observability, Identification, and Control, IEEE Trans. Neural networks, Vol. 7, pp. 30-42. Loria, A.; Panteley, E.; Nijmeijer, H. & Fossen, T. (1998)[r]
Identify cciential fundamental on emission trading scheme development. Study status and potential of emission trading scheme development in Vietnam. Propose ETS’s model and its design to Vietnam.
k =1 A k 1 − α k z − 1 , (2.46) where for simplicity we have assumed first-order poles and zeros of H ( z ). A cascaded realisation of a general system is shown in Figure 2.7, whereas a parallel realisation of a general system is shown in Figure 2.8. We can also combine neural networks[r]
In this paper the principle operation of a conventional output feedback receding horizon controller based on LQR is presented quickly first and then some opportunities to improve its performance by integrating into intelligent control scheme are discussing.
Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 03 – history of solar energy Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 03 – history of solar energy Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 03 – history of solar energy Volume 3 solar thermal systems[r]
Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 04 – low temperature stationary collectors Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 04 – low temperature stationary collectors Volume 3 solar thermal systems components and applications 3 04 – low temperature stationary[r]