ADIPOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF ADIPOSE DERIVED STEM CELLS

1age (American_Diabetes_Association, 2002). The symptoms of type 1 diabetes includepolyuria (frequent urination), polyphagia (increased hunger), polydipsia (increased thirst),and weight loss (Cooke and Plotnick 2008).T1DM commonly results from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic b[r]

tumor suppressor genes wo uld lead to prostatecarcinogenesis.Additionally, Barker et al [72] and Zhu et al [43] dis-covered crypt stem cells as the origin of intestinal can-cer. They demonstrated that Lgr5 positive or prominin1positive subpopulations were intesti nal stem[r]

with DCM [1-3,6,7], the mortality rate of this patientpopulation remains high. A safe and more effective ther-apeu tic option for impr oving LV function and the long-term outcome of DCM patients is urgently needed.Growing data demonstrate that cell therapy canimprove cardiac function b[r]

Page 2 of 9immune-competent mice. In the evolution of the tumor,the phenotype and genotype of precancerous stem cellshad developed towards primary cancer stem cells.Interestingly, Shen et al [62] discovered that the pre-cancerous stem cells cou[r]

Hematopoietic stem cells sit at the base of a branching hierarchy of cells culminating in the many mature cell types that compose the blood and immune system (Fig. 68-2). The maturation steps leading to terminally differentiated and functional blood cells ta[r]

RL, Higashida RT, Jauch EC, Kidwell C, Lyden PD, Morgenstern LB, Qureshi AI, Rosenwasser RH, Scott PA, Wijdicks EF, American Heart Association; American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council; Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascu[r]

venously and intrathecally without immediate immuno-logical reactions or ectopic tissue formation. Although inthis study we report on safety of the cells, we should notethat disease progression did not occur in the patientstreated as reported by their neurologists, based on radio-logic[r]

5. Motz GT, Eppert BL, Sun G, Wesselkamper SC, Linke MJ, Deka R,Borchers MT: Persistence of lung CD8 T cell oligoclonal expansions uponsmoking cessation in a mouse model of cigarette smoke-inducedemphysema. J Immunol 2008, 181:8036-8043.6. Maeno T, Houghton AM, Quintero PA, Grumelli S,[r]

In order to evaluate the subcellular localization ofhuman CIDEC, COS-7 cells were transfected with avector that expressed a fusion protein of CIDEC con-taining the fluorescence marker DsRed1. The transfect-ed COS-7 cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence of100 lm oleic acid[r]

1Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil Rua do Matão, n° 106, Cidade Universitária São Paulo SP, CEP: 05508-090, Brazil, 2CEERH Specialized Center for Human Reproduction, São Paulo, Brazil Rua Mato Grosso, n° 306 19° andar, Higienópolis São Paulo[r]

designed and edited the manuscript. All authors read andapproved the manuscript.Additional materialAcknowledgementsThe human ES cell (HES-3) was provided by ES cell International Pre Ltd, Singapore. This work was supported by grants from Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Scienc[r]

with the cUCB-MSCs. However, the cUCB-MSCs did not appear to be able to differentiate into adipocytes, with non-morphological changes on containing oil droplets for 4 weeks (data not shown). The cUCB-MSCs were able to differentiate into neuronal cells, positively expressing neuronal protein m[r]

accomplish firm adhesion between the stem cell and vessel wall, with a particularly important role for stem cell VCAM-1 engaging endothelial VLA-4. The chemokine CXCL12 (SDF1) interacting with stem cell CXCR4 receptors also appears to be important in the process of ste[r]

Multipotent adult stem cells (MAPC) MAPCs can be derived by culturing bone marrow mononuclear cells, after depleting CD45+ and GlyA+ cells, with FCS, EGF, and PDGF-BB (h). MAPCs are very rare cells that are present within MSC cultures from postnatal bone mar[r]

pluripotency and early embryonic development by the tran-scriptional regulation of Pou5f1. Nat Cell Biol 2006,8(10):1114-1123.38. Zhou Q, Chipperfield H, Melton DA, Wong WH: A gene regula-tory network in mouse embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl AcadSci USA 2007, 104(42):16438-16443[r]

lineage restrictions (called transdifferentiation). For example, HS cells may be converted into neurons as well as germ cells. This feature may provide a means to use tissue stem cells derived directly from a patient for therapeutic purposes, thereby eliminating th[r]

and expense of stem cell harvests and enable use of other stem cell sources. Specifically, umbilical cord blood is a rich source of stem cells. However, the volume of cord blood units is extremely small, and therefore the total number of[r]

bone marrow–derived stem cells transplanted into heart, liver, and other organs suggested that the cells had differentiated into organ-specific cell types. Subsequent studies, however, revealed that the stem cells had fused with cells resident in the[r]

Strategies for transplantation of stem cells. 1. Undifferentiated or partially differentiated stem cells may be injected directly in the target organ or intravenously. 2. Stem cells may be differentiated ex vivo prior to injection into the target orga[r]

differentiation, in which AT-MSCs, which have amesodermal phenotype, are converted to hepatocytes,with an epithelial cell-like phenotype, might be causedby MET [31,32]. As shown in our previous immuno-cytochemical study and shown by the results of thismicroarray analysis, AT-MSCs expre[r]