DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH RULES IN URDU

How to report commands and requestsThe following rules are observed when we report commands and requests.Use a reporting verb like request, order, tell, advise, beseech, threaten, beg, implore, ask, propose and forbid.Note that all of these verbs except propose must be fo[r]

--> Indirect: She said (that) if she had had more money, she would have bought that house.* Form:2TYPE123CONDITIONAL IN DIRECTSPEECHIf clause S + V/ V-s/esMain clause S + will/ can+ V-infIf clause S + V-ed/ V2Main clause S + would/ could + V-infIf clause S + had + P.PMain clause[r]

Reporting different kinds of sentencesReporting statementsPut ‘that’ before the reported statement.Use the reporting verb ‘said’ or ‘told’. Note that the verb ‘told’ should be followed by an object. The verb ‘said’cannot be followed by an object.Direct speech: Rohan said, ‘I like this[r]

Direct and indirect object: positionSome verbs can be followed by two objects – a direct object and an indirect object.Subject + verb + indirect object + direct objectThe President awarded John a gold medal. (indirect object – John; d[r]

Detailed rules for change of tenses in indirect speechWhen the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses of the direct speech change to correspondingpast tenses.The simple present tense becomes the simple past tense.Direct speech:[r]

Reporting yes/no questionsYes/no questions expect yes or no as the answer. We use if or whether to report yes/no questions.Direct: ‘Will you do this?’Indirect: She asked me if I would do that.Direct: ‘Are you going to the market?’Indirect: She asked me if I was going to t[r]

When the verb has two objectsMany verbs can be followed by two objects – a direct object and an indirect object. Common verbs that cantake two objects are: give, take, lent, buy, bring, fetch, get etc.The indirect object usually refers to a person. The direct objec[r]

Reporting verbs in EnglishSay and tell are common reporting verbs.Direct speech: Alice said, ‘I am not going to come with you.’Indirect speech: Alice said that she was not going to come with me.Indirect speech: Alice told me that she was not go[r]

VA (place – prepositional phrase)4. Subject – Transitive Verb – Object – AdverbExamples:The dog is chasing the little mouse in the garden.SVOAPage 1 of 3We were studying English in the library this time yesterday.SVOA5. Subject – Di-transitive Verb – Indirect Object [Tân ngữ giá[r]

Direct and Indirect Pronouns Exercise I gaveDIRECT OBJECT  +  INDIRECT OBJECTDON’T USE:­ Iitto hergave her it  A Convert the nouns into pronouns 1  I give the cats biscuits. ........................................................................................ 2  I don’[r]

INDIRECT SPEECH – PRACTICE TEST No. 1
A. INDIRECT SPEECH
I. Statements in reported speech
1. Using reporting verbs “say” hoặc “tell”: say to sb (that), say (that), tell sb (that)
2. Pronoun and possessive adjectives changes
Ex: Bill said, “I’m having a party at my flat.”
 Bill said (that) he was[r]

TENSEPresent simplePresent ContinuousPast SimplePast ContinuousPresent Perfect SimplePresent Perfect ContinuousPast Perfect SimpleFuture SimpleModal : canModal: mustDIRECT SPEECH“He lives in Australia”“He is working at the hospital”“He broke his leg”“He was playing the flute”“He had st[r]

Using wouldThe modal auxiliary verb ‘would’ has several uses. Here are a few.Habitual action in the pastWould is used talk about habitual action in the past.When I was a boy, I would go swimming every evening.When we were kids, we would stay up late.In informal writing and