Generation of single frequency radiation from a semiconductor laser based on a special laser module (amplifying laser module) is presented. The multi-mode emission with the spectral bandwidth of 100A0 is converted to single mode one with a narrow bandwidth of 2A0 in the presence of external optical[r]
Chapter 02 Reproduction and Chromosome TransmissionStudent: ___________________________________________________________________________1. Which of the following is not associated with a prokaryotic cell?A. Genetic information is contained within a nucleoid regionB. Genetic material is orga[r]
Thoery* atoms and molecules have unique spectra.* resonance – resonance frequency+ A plot of amplitude vs. excitation frequency willhave a peak centered at the resonancefrequency* In quantum mechanical systems, the analogousresonance is a coupling of two quantummec[r]
... To trap a single atom, we start with an atomic cloud in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) and use an optical dipole trap to trap a single atom at the focus of the lens1 A MOT consists of three pairs... my stay enjoyable To all my family members, especially my parents, that are always there and have a[r]
----Round 4: turn, 2 ch, dc in each of next 10 sts, dc in each of next 5 ch, dc in each of next 20 sts, dc in each of next5 ch, dc in each of next 10 sts (50) sl st in first dcwith white----Round 5: 1dc, 2ch skip 1st , (2dc[r]
The linear configuration single-mode Distributed Bragg Reflection (DBR) Erbium doped Fiber laser has been tested. The cavity length of the laser utilizing intracore Bragg reflectors, no longer than one centimetre and the grating bandwidth is below ∼ 0.2 nm. The 1.55-µm emission wavelength of the las[r]
The infinite system of differential equations for the nonequilibrium Green functions of electrons in a single-level quantum dot connected with two conducting leads is truncated by applying the mean-field approximation to the mean values of the products of four operators. As the result the system of[r]
We present a rate equation approach (REA) based on the propagation equations in single-mode Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs). Special attention is paid to the gain and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise as functions of position including the effects of some main parameters such as p[r]
We study the electron spin dynamics in 2D - quantum dots due to the hyperfine interaction with surrounding nuclear spins. The study shows that electron spin dynamics depends strongly on the initial state and polarization of the nuclear spin system. Obtained results has shown that electron spin dynam[r]
The optical resonance of a three-level system of the strongly correlated electrons in the twolevel semiconductor quantum dot interacting with the linearly polarized monochromatic electromagnetic radiation is studied. With the application of the Green function method the expressions of the state vect[r]
The binding energy of exciton in quantum dots with a parabolic confinement potential was calculated by variational methods beyond the Kohn-Luttinger effective mass theory, when the central-cell correction was taken into account.We have assumed that a short range potential with two parameters for str[r]
... for study the impacts of carbon pricing 2.1 Carbon Tax 2.1.1 Overview of Carbon Tax Carbon tax is a type of Pigovian tax that is levied on the carbon content of fuels (Helm 2005) It offers a potentially... carbon tax cannot compete As carbon emission market continues to develop, it can be a long[r]
Antigen-processing machinery molecules play crucial roles in infectious diseases and cancers. Studies have shown that polymorphisms in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) genes can influence the enzymatic activity of ERAP proteins and are associated with the risk of diseases.
The present study was aimed at assessing the socio-economic impact of organized retail farmers. A sample size of 100 retail farmers and 100 non-retail farmers was selected. A binary logit model was used to analyze the impact of organized retail marketing. The results revealed that in comparison to n[r]
... coefficient of the trapped LiK molecules in the 2D dynamics of the optical lattice The loss rate due to the reaction is the product of this rate coefficient and the 2D density of the trapped... and the optical lattice, we obtain: 2 ωz,ol lc,g = = lc,ol ωz,g 8U0 m 2 2U0 mzR = 4π zR 4π w 02 = λ 2[r]
1985),several gaps exist in the research literature. Forexample, few studies have actually examined the relationship between obesity and children’s self- esteem.Further, the conclusions drawn from investigations int h area have been contradictory.Some studies have found that obese chil[r]
Calculations and ReferencesThis page describes the calculations used to convert greenhouse gas emission numbers into different types of equivalent units. Go to the equivalency calculator page for more information.A note on global warming potentials (GWPs): Some of the equivalencies in the calculator[r]