WHAT IS OSI PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE

D) None of the aboveAnswer: A71) Which layer process does not do encapsulation when an application layer process transmits amessage?A) Physical.B) Data link.C) Internet.D) All do encapsulation.Answer: A72) Network standards architectures break the standards functionality needed for communicationinto[r]

4KZ]UXQOTML[TJGSKTZGRY• TP1 (transfer protocol class 1) It assumes a type B subnet; that is, one that may be unreliable. To deal with this, TP1 provides its own error detection, along with facilities for getting the sender to retransmit any erroneous packets • TP2 (transfer protocol class 2)[r]

x Table of ContentsBuilding the Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Strategy Brief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107[r]

architecture similar to the OSI reference model but with several variations; created by IBM in the 1970s and essentially composed of seven layers.SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol: SNAP is a frame used in Ethernet, Token Ring, and FDDI LANs. Data transfer, connection management, and QoS selection are[r]

7 Host-to-host (transport) layer protocols Objectives When you have completed this chapter you should be able to: • Explain the basic functions of the host-to-host layer • Explain the basic operation of TCP and UDP • Explain the fundamental differences between TCP and UDP • Decide which protocol ([r]

1. Khái niệm giao thức (protocol) Là quy tắc giao tiếp (tiêu chuẩn giao tiếp) giữa hai hệ thống giúp chúng hiểu và trao đổi dữ liệu được với nhau . VD: Internetwork Packet Exchnge (IPX) , Transmission Control Protocol / Internetwork Protocol (TCP/IP) , NetBIOS Exchange User Interface (NetBEUI)… 2. C[r]

cols as equal, which proved in fact not to be really true, since there was some soft, but per-sistent, pressure to give OSPF preference for Internet applications. Hence people oftensay, “IS-IS and OSPF are equal, but OSPF is more equal.” Ultimately, Cisco Systemsstarted to ship routers with support[r]

by considering the use of different architectures at different levels of networkgranularity.For example, in the case of a multinational corporation, it might be reason-able to assume a high degree of control and coordination in the administrationof the cluster of subnets of the corporation’s intrane[r]

CÁC DANH MỤC VIẾT TẮT6LỜI NÓI ĐẦU7PHẦN 1: TỔNG QUAN VỀ MẠNG8CHƯƠNG I: TỔNG QUAN VỀ MẠNG MÁY TÍNH.81. Khái niệm về mạng máy tính82. Phân loại mạng máy tính93. Kiến trúc mạng kiểu LAN thông dụng103.1. Mạng hình sao (Star topology)103.2. Mạng dạng tuyến (Bus topology)113.3. Mạng dạng vòng (Ring topolo[r]

IDFIGURE 4.24. The LSP-ID uniquely identifies an IS-IS router announcement – the first 6 bytes represent the System-ID of the sender therefore the CLI renders the output using the Hostname-to-System-ID databaserouting hierarchy. The concept of an arbitrarily assigned level to the underlying physicalto[r]

Trong mô hình OSI, bốn tầng dưới định nghĩa cho các trạm cuối thiết lập các kết nối với nhau để trao đổi dữ liệu. Ba tầng trên định nghĩa các ứng dụng trong phạm vi cuối sẽ giao tiếp với nhau và với các user như thế nào . 1.2 Mô hình và bộ giao thức TCP/IP: Bộ giao thức TCP/IP là họ giao thức quan t[r]

IDFIGURE 4.24. The LSP-ID uniquely identifies an IS-IS router announcement – the first 6 bytes represent the System-ID of the sender therefore the CLI renders the output using the Hostname-to-System-ID databaserouting hierarchy. The concept of an arbitrarily assigned level to the underlying physicalto[r]

xx. Chapter.6:.Building.the.Resources.for.Implementation:.SharePoint.Components.and.Sssociated.PiecesKey components are required to deliver SharePoint, and this chapter describes what they are and why they are required. Chapter 6 also describes the role of members of the team in collating this data[r]

depend on the network architecture being used. Most networks use digital signaling, and most use some form of Manchester encoding for the signal  /TZKXUVKXGHOROZ_GTJOTZKXTKZ]UXQOTMInteroperability is the ability for users of a network to transfer information between different communications[r]

Key Terms 469protocol stack A set of related communications protocols that operate together and, as a group, address communication at some or all of the seven layers of the OSI refer-ence model. Not every protocol stack covers each layer of the model, and often a single protocol in the stack address[r]

crashes typically affect the entire machine and not just individual subsystems: there isjust a single program running and no partitioning at all. There are no demarcation points,things like kernels, user processes and schedulers. IOS is just a single big program thatis executed from startup to shutd[r]

tion with the shared secret. Imagine what happens if you mix up the order: first you tell therouter that everything has to be authenticated, and so is also expected to arrive authenti-cated. What happens is that you will receive a few Hello messages and then your routerdrops the adjacency because not[r]

This misconception is common, as we have learned over and over again when givingIS-IS training classes. Most students think that running CLNP is the prerequisite for run-ning IS-IS. This belief is reinforced if the students first learn about IS-IS on Cisco’s IOS.For code legacy reasons, you have to e[r]

core network of an ISP. IS-IS is a member of the large family of IGPs. For the reachabil-ity information about bulk routes (Internet routes and customer routes), there is theBorder Gateway Protocol (BGP), the interdomain routing protocol of the Internet. Eachprotocol does what it can do best. IS-IS[r]

WAN Routers 539More Information: Roles of the Router in WANs (Continued)■ Autonomous system—An autonomous system (AS) is a network or internetwork (either LAN or WAN) that is relatively self-contained. It is administered by a single person (or organization), features a single routed protocol, has an[r]