DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE AND HUMAN AGING

The Mre11-binding domain of human Nbs1 has been localized to amino acids 682–693 in the COOH- terminal region of the protein. Deletion of this region of Nbs1 results in a cellular phenotype virtually identi- cal to that of NBS, including defective formation of MRN foci, radiation hypersensiti[r]

Companion animals like dogs frequently develop tumors with age and similarly to human malignancies, display interpatient tumoral heterogeneity. Tumors are frequently characterized with regard to their mutation spectra, changes in gene expression or protein levels.

Concurrent cisplatin radiotherapy (CCRT) is a current standard-of-care for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, CCRT is frequently ineffective in patients with advanced disease.

DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1) is an activating receptor constitutively expressed by macrophages/ dendritic cells and by T lymphocytes and Natural Killer (NK) cells, having an important role in anticancer responses; in this regard, combination therapies able to enhance the expression of DNAM-1 l[r]

Nutrition is believed to be a primary contributor in regulating gene expression by affecting epigenetic pathways such as DNA methylation and histone modification. Resveratrol and pterostilbene are phytoalexins produced by plants as part of their defense system.

Results
NEU damage activates DNA damage response kinases
To evaluate the cytotoxicity induced by NEU in MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma origin) and HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma origin) cell lines, MTT-based cell via- bility assay was used (see Additional file 1: F[r]

Chk1 inhibitors are currently in clinical trials as putative potentiators of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs. Chk1 inhibitors may exhibit single agent anti-tumor activity in cancers with underlying DNA repair, DNA damage response or DNA replication defects.

Radioresistant glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to tumor recurrence and identification of the molecular targets involved in radioresistance mechanisms is likely to enhance therapeutic efficacy. This study analyzed the DNA damage response following ionizing radiation (IR) in 10 GSC lines der[r]

doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08125.x
Cytolethal distending toxin, produced by several Gram-negative bacteria, and colibactin, secreted by several commensal and extraintestinal patho- genic Escherichia coli strains, are the first bacterial genotoxins to be described to date. Exposure t[r]

Body mass index (BMI) is largely investigated as a prognostic and predictive factor in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Overweight and obesity are linked to a variety of pathways regulating tumor-promoting functions, including the DNA damage response (DDR). The DDR physiologically safeguards ge[r]

TARGETING BRCA1 LOCALIZATION Given the multiple roles that BRCA1 plays in the DNA damage response, including repair and activation of apoptosis, it is intriguing to hypothesize that foll[r]

BRAT1 (BRCA1-associated ATM activator 1) interacts with both BRCA1, ATM and DNA-PKcs, and has been implicated in DNA damage responses. However, based on our previous results, it has been shown that BRAT1 may be involved in cell growth and apoptosis, besides DNA damage responses, implying that there[r]

Bin Wei 1 † , Qin Han 1 † , Lijuan Xu 1 † , Xiaohui Zhang 1 , Jing Zhu 1 , Li Wan 1 , Yan Jin 1 , Zhaoye Qian 1 , Jingjing Wu 1 , Yong Gao 1* † , Jianwei Zhou 2* and Xiaofei Chen 1*
Abstract
Background: DNA damage repair genes JWA, XRCC1 and BRCA1 were associated with[r]

TRANG 8 vii ABBREVIATIONS 6BG O6-Benzylguanine 6RG O6-alkylguanine ATCC American Type Culture Collection BCNU 1,3-bis2-chloroethyl-1-nitrosourea bp basepair BRCA1 Breast cancer susceptib[r]

Oxidative stress induces various intracellular damage, which might be correlated with tumorigenesis. Accumulated oxidative stresses might inactivate protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) by oxidizing it, and inducing the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX) in response to DNA damage.

The defects in DNA repair genes are potentially linked to development and response to therapy in medulloblastoma. Therefore the purpose of this study was to establish the spectrum and frequency of germline variants in selected DNA repair genes and their impact on response to chemotherapy in medullob[r]

Cyclophosphamide treatment on a six-day repeating metronomic schedule induces a dramatic, innate immune cell-dependent regression of implanted gliomas. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms whereby metronomic cyclophosphamide induces innate immune cell mobilization and recruitment[r]

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the human genome have been shown to have utility as markers of identity in the differentiation of DNA from individual contributors. Massively parallel DNA sequencing (MPS) technologies and human genome SNP databases allow for the design of suites[r]

Asymmetry during cellular division, both in the uneven partitioning of damaged cellular components and of cell volume, is a cell biological phenomenon experienced by many unicellular organisms.

TRANG 1 DNA AND RNA DAMAGE BY CUII-AMIKACIN COMPLEX Małgorzata Jezzowska-Bojczuk_ 1, Wojciech Szczepanik1, Wojciech Les´niak1,*, Jerzy Ciesiołka2, Jan Wrzesin´ski2and Wojciech Bal3 1Facu[r]