1 http://www-nlpir.nist.gov/projects/duc/duc2007/ to be annotated can be taken either by humans or by computer programs. When humans are em- ployed in the process, producing such a large la- beled corpora becomes time consuming and ex- pensive. There comes the ne[r]
Information Society: Operating Information Systems in a Dynamic Global Business Environment (pp. 240-264), Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing. Raisinghani, M.S., Melemez, T., Zou, L., Paslowski, C., Kimvidze, I., Taha, S., & Simons, K. (2005). E-business models in B2B: Process based categor[r]
nalization technologies. It is felt that three separate yet overlapping topic areas will constitute an interesting mix of interests for the purposes of the trial. The case study will commence with a workshop involving the practitioners in order to develop an ontology[r]
Metaphor, based on the association of similarity, is one of the two basic types of semantic transference that have been an interest for many linguistic researchers
Now that you understand the need to markup a Web page using ontologies, you might wonder what a mark up looks like. This is the topic of this chapter, but here is a sneak preview: a markup file is normally a Resource Description Framework (RDF) document containing RDF statements that[r]
73 been selected and re-organized during the cognition process. Under the influence of the pragmatic factors, such as topic and focus, V-shang can also express the durative meaning which is not selected and included in the const[r]
132 J.E. Kim, C. Bouchard, N. Bianchi-Berthouze and A. Aoussat been raised about some disadvantages to apply. First, cognitive measurement is not able to assess in real time; and it is hard to catch objectively a subtle emotional state. In addition, the use of emotional s[r]
2458 Enhancing E-Business on the Semantic Web through Automatic Multimedia Representation each region, features are computed and then blobs are generated by clustering the image features for these regions across images. Finally, a translation model t[r]
Neural network based embedding models are receiving significant attention in the field of natural language processing due to their capability to effectively capture semantic information representing words, sentences or even larger text elements in low-dimensional vector space.
The extracted contexts were split into sentences, tagged and lemmatised with RASP. Duplicate sen- tences were discarded, as were sentences in which the compound head and modifier were more than 10 words apart. Punctuation and tokens containing non-alphanumeric char[r]
Teaching Tip A few teachers try to solve the “lay/lie” problem by providing students with a memory aid: “Dogs lay down, but people lie down.” This memory aid, of course, is wrong—the verb in both cases should be “lie.” Some people argue that the intransitive use of “lay” has[r]
It has been noted that the datasets used in the recent automatic image annotation systems [14, 70, 75, 136] fail to capture the difficulties inherent in many real image databases. Two issues are taken into the consideration in the design of the experiments reported[r]
Since Web information providers may be slow to convert their existing content into a rich XML format, much of the semantic encoding may have to be done by third party e-business service providers, or by end users themselves, using browser-side extracting and[r]
or describe semantic objects in images. The difficulty of the problem arises from the different nature of the features used as described in [6, 7]. Different features are extracted using different algorithms and the corresponding descriptors have individ[r]
Apart from the initiative, a second characteristic of the conversation model is the confirmation (verification) strategy. Common strategies are explicit con- firmation where the user is explicitly asked whether the understood piece of information is correct o[r]
Some doubts have been cast on the representative- ness of the supervised recall results as well. Accord- ing to Pedersen (2010), the supervised learning al- gorithm that underlies this evaluation method tends to converge to the Most Frequent Sense (MFS) base- line, becaus[r]
4 A GENERATIVE MODEL OF SEMANTIC PARSING Like the hybrid tree semantic parser Lu et al., 2008 and the synchronous grammar based WASP Wong and Mooney, 2006, our model simultaneously gen-e[r]
The purpose of this study is to explore how knowledge can be managed across boundaries when implementing innovations in the healthcare sector is desired, in this specific case a healthcare quality register. The research is based on a qualitative, case study approach and comprises methodologies such[r]
41_ TRANG 7 v TRANG 8 _Finding the semantic similarity in Vietnamese_ Nguyen Tien Dat vi FIGURE LIST FIGURE 2.1: WORD GEOMETRIC REPERSENTAION .... 23 FIGURE 3.1: THE PROCESSES OF SEMANTI[r]
B In sum, provided one equation is added to the DSP system, t h e relation between the H O U - a p p r o a c h to VP-ellipsis and standard Montague-style semantic construction becomes transparent. Furthermore it also becomes im- mediately[r]