ABSOLUTE C++ (4TH EDITION) PART 2 PPS

(Horizontal) Tab (Advances the cursor to the next tab stop.)\aAlert (Sounds the alert noise, typically a bell.)\\Backslash (Allows you to place a backslash in a quoted expression.) \’Single quote (Mostly used to place a single quote inside single quotes.)\”Double quote (Mostly used to place a double[r]

>05_CH05.fm Page 198 Wednesday, August 13, 2003 12:51 PMProgramming with Arrays 199ExampleSORTING AN ARRAYOne of the most widely encountered programming tasks, and certainly the most thoroughly stud-ied, is sorting a list of values, such as a list of sales figures that must be sorted from low[r]

202 ArraysDisplay 5.8 Sorting an Array (part 2 of 3)11 //The array elements a[0] through a[numberUsed - 1] have values.12 //Postcondition: The values of a[0] through a[numberUsed - 1] have13 //been rearranged so that a[0] <= a[1] <= <= a[numberUsed - 1].14 void swapValues[r]

zero timesDisplay 2.5 Example of a do-while Statement (part 1 of 2)1 #include <iostream>2 using namespace std;3 int main( )4 {5 int countDown;6 cout << "How many greetings do you want? ";7 cin >> countDown;8 do9 {10 cout << "Hello[r]

8. Give a function definition corresponding to the following function declaration. (The type ShoeType is given in Self-Test Exercise 2.)ShoeType discount(ShoeType oldRecord);//Returns a structure that is the same as its argument, //but with the price reduced by 10%.ClassesWe all know—the Time[r]

structure6.1 06_CH06.fm Page 224 Wednesday, August 13, 2003 12:54 PMStructures 225 pieces of data associated with it: the account balance, the interest rate for the account,and the term, which is the number of months until maturity. The first two items can berepresented as values of type double , an[r]

inition of signature. (Some authorities include the const and/or ampersand as part of the signature, but we wanted a definition that works for explaining overloading.)interaction ofoverloading and type conversion04_CH04.fm Page 154 Wednesday, August 13, 2003 12:49 PMOverloading and Default Arguments[r]

Not all comment assertions can easily be translated into C++ Boolean expressions.Preconditions are more likely to translate easily than postconditions are. Thus, theassert macro is not a cure-all for debugging your functions, but it can be very useful.■STUBS AND DRIVERSEach function should be design[r]

(temperature > 90) && (humidity > 0.90) && (poolGate == OPEN)Since the relational operations > and == are performed before the && operation, youcould omit the parentheses in the above expression and it would have the same mean-ing,[r]

15. a. Only one. The compiler warns if you have no public: members in a class (or struct, for that matter).b. None, but we normally expect to find at least one private: section in a class.16. The member variables should all be private. The member functions that are part of the interface should be pub[r]

with their first letter in lowercase. The predefined identifiers, such as main, cin, cout,and so forth, must be spelled in all lowercase letters. The convention that is nowbecoming universal in object-oriented programming is to spell variable names with amix of upper- and lowercase letters (and digits)[r]

location of the include directive. A library name is simply the name of a file that includesall the definition of items in the library. We will eventually discuss using include direc-tives for things other than standard libraries, but for now we only need include direc-tives for standard C++ libraries[r]

Variables, Expressions, and Assignment Statements 21an addition, it is usually best to include the parentheses, even if the intended order ofoperations is the one dictated by the precedence rules. The parentheses make theexpression easier to read and less prone to programmer error. A complete set of[r]

THINKING OBJECTSIf you have not programmed with classes before, it can take a little while to get the feel of pro-gramming with them. When you program with classes, data rather than algorithms takes center stage. It is not that there are no algorithms. However, the algorithms are made to fit the dat[r]

years. The program asks for the cost of the item, the number of years from now that the item will be purchased, and the rate of inflation. The program then outputs the estimated cost of the item after the specified period. Have the user enter the inflation rate as a per-centage, such as 5.6 (percent[r]

28 void setBalance(double balance);29 void setBalance(int dollars, int cents);30 //Checks that arguments are both nonnegative or both nonpositive.31 void setRate(double newRate);32 //If newRate is nonnegative, it becomes the new rate. Otherwise, abort program.3334 private:35 //A negative amount is r[r]

double totalCost(int numberParameter, double priceParameter){ const double TAXRATE = 0.05; //5% sales tax double subtotal;The variable subtotal is local to the function totalCost. The named constant TAXRATEis also local to the function totalCost. (A named constant is in fact nothing but a vari-able[r]

More Tools 283Display 7.4 The const Parameter Modifier (part 2 of 3)40 int dollarsPart(double amount) const;41 int centsPart(double amount) const;42 int round(double number) const;43 double fraction(double percent) const;44 //Converts a percentage to a fraction. For example, fraction(50.3) re[r]

gram or in a separate file so that the functions can be used by several different programs.Display 3.4 A Function Using a Random Number Generator (part 2 of 2)SAMPLE DIALOGUEWelcome to your friendly weather program.Enter today’s date as two integers for the month and the day:2 14[r]

const int x = 17;class A{public: A( ); A(int n); int f( )const; int g(const A& x);private: int i;};Each of the three const keywords is a promise to the compiler that the compiler will enforce. What is the promise in each case?07_CH07.fm Page 281 Wednesday, August 13, 2003 12:58 PM282 Constru[r]